NPP

ʻO ka waihona ʻike FAQ. Ma lalo iho nei nā lono koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka ʻikepili hanana. No ka ʻike kikoʻī, kaomi i ke kumuhana āu e makemake ai.

Ke palapala o ka hōʻailona uila

"Palapala hōʻailona hōʻailona uila" ʻo ia kekahi palapala leka uila e hoʻohui pū ana i ka ʻike hōʻoia
kahi hōʻailona uila me kahi mea kū kānāwai a hōʻoia i ka inoa o kēlā kanaka;

Nā palapala noi uila

"E-signature palapala" 'o ia ho'i he palapala hō'ike uila e pili ana i ka 'ikepili i ho'ohana 'ia no
ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palapala uila i kahi kanaka maoli a hōʻoia i ka liʻiliʻi a i ka inoa inoa ʻole o ia
kanaka;

He aha kahi lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi (TSP)?
Ma muli o ka Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 (eIDAS), ua wehewehe ʻia kahi lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi (TSP) ma ke ʻano he "kanaka kūlohelohe a i ʻole ke kānāwai e hāʻawi ana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā lawelawe hilinaʻi ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono a ʻole. "Na TSP ke kuleana no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike uila o nā mea hōʻailona a me nā lawelawe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini hōʻoia ikaika, nā palapala kikohoʻe a me nā pūlima uila.
Ua wehewehe ʻo eIDAS pehea e hana ai nā mea lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi i ka hōʻoia a me nā lawelawe ʻole hōʻole ʻole a pehea e hoʻoponopono ʻia ai a ʻike ʻia i nā Hui PūʻI ʻo EU.
Hiki i TSP ke hāʻawi i hoʻokahi lawelawe i ʻole a i ʻole kekahi o ia mau lawelawe:
  • Ka hana ʻana, nānā a ʻae aku i nā palapala uila, nā sila a me nā hōʻailona kekona, nā lawelawe hoʻokele a me nā palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i kēia mau lawelawe.
  • Ka hana ʻana, nānā a hōʻoia ʻana i nā palapala hōʻoia e hoʻohana ʻia no ka hōʻoia pūnaewele.
  • ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā haina uila, nā sila a me nā palapala e pili ana i kēia mau lawelawe.
He aha ka eIDAS?
He inoa maʻamau ka eIDAS no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka EU, 910/2014, ma nā lawelawe ʻike a me ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā kalekika uila uila ma ke kūloko o loko, hana hou i ke kau inoa inoa inoa kahiko 1999/93 / EC. ka mea e pono e ʻike i nā lawelawe aupuni ma nā ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e pili ana i nā ʻōnaehana uila nūhou (eID). Ma lalo o ka eIDAS, hiki i ka poʻe kamaʻilio a me nā ʻoihana ke loaʻa ka pōmaikaʻi ma kā lākou papahana ponoʻī lāhui a ka lehulehu i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i nā lawelawe ākea ma nā EU Member States e hoʻohana ana i ka papahana eIDS. Ke kau nei kēia Manaʻo i nā kūlana i ʻike ʻia ai e nā lālā Hui Pūʻali ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana mai nā mea hoʻohana.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻokō kēia Manaʻo i nā kūlana maʻamau no nā haʻaina uila, mau pono, nā kelepona uila a me nā palapala ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia ana i kaʻoiaʻiʻo, me nā palapala leka uila a me nā lawelawe hoʻokipa inoa inoa, e hāʻawi ana i kēia mau ʻōlima pili i ke kūlana kūlike e like me ka mea e lawe ʻia ana ma ka pepa.
ʻO nā lawelawe hilinaʻi o ka eIDAS no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka mākeke oloko uila e pili ana:
  • ʻO nā palapala hōʻailona uila ākea a i ʻole e pili ana i kahi kanaka kūloko a kūlohelohe paha.
  • Nā hōʻailona uila uila holomua a me ke komo ʻana i ka hui kūwaho
  • ʻAe i hōʻoia ʻia no ke kau inoa ʻana i nā inoa inoa uila
  • ʻO ka mālama pono ʻana o nā palapala haipule uila ʻoluʻolu
  • Ka mālama ʻana i ka manawa
  • Hāʻawi i nā lawelawe uila
  • Pūnaewele paʻa
Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ke kānāwai o ka eIDAS ma loko o ka EU.ʻO ka lā 1 Iulai 2016, e hoʻonohonoho ʻo eIDAS i ʻelua mau ʻano o nā inoa uila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
1) hōʻailona mākaʻikaʻi uila
2) hōʻailona mālamalama uila
Hāʻawi ʻo Cryptomathic i nā ʻōlelo hoʻoholo mamao loa no nā ʻano ʻelua.
He aha ka palapala hōʻoia?

E like me ka Regulation (EC) No 910/2014 (eIDAS) eIDAS, kahi palapala hōʻoia no nā pūlima uila e pili ana i kahi "hōʻoia o nā pūlima uila i hoʻopuka ʻia e kahi lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono"

a hui i nā koi o ke hoʻoponopono.

E like me nā koi no ka eIDAS, pono i nā palapala kau inoa uila pono e komo i loko:

  •  He hōʻailona hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ke kaʻina loina i ka palapala i palapala palapala no ke kau inoa uila
  •  Kūkū ka ʻikepili i hōʻike manawaleʻa i ka mea lawelawe ʻo ka lawelawe e pono ai ka mea i hoʻopuka i ka palapala hōʻoia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻike e like me:
  1.  Ke lālā nei ka lālā e hāʻawi nei i nā lawelawe i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ke ʻano
  2.  ʻO ka inoa a me ka helu hoʻopaʻa inoa inā he lawelawe i lawelawe ʻia ka lawelawe
  3.  ʻO ka inoa o ka mea hāʻawi inā he kanaka kūlohelohe ia
  •  ʻO ka inoa inoa inoa a i ʻole ka palapala inoa inā hoʻohana ʻia kahi inoa inoa ʻole
  •  ʻO ka ʻikepili pili i ka ʻae ʻia o nā palapala uila a me nā ʻikepili i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā palapala uila
  •  Hōʻike e ʻike i ka mana kūpono o ka palapala hōʻoia mai ka hoʻomaka a hiki i ka hopena
  •  Kuhi palapala hōʻoia i ke kumu o ka palapala hōʻoia hilinaʻi a hilinaʻi nui ʻia
  •  ʻO ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i kahi hōʻailona uila e koi ai a i ke sila ʻana i mea hōʻailona hōʻoia o kahi lawelawe lawelawe
  •  ʻO kahi kahi e kākoʻo ai i ka palapala leka uila e loaʻa i ka mana manuahi
  •  Hōʻike ʻia, ʻoluʻolu ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻoiho ʻana i ka mīkini, kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai ka ʻikepili palapala ʻikepili e pili ana me ka ʻikepili hōʻoia ʻōlika uila i kau ʻia i ka mīkini hana kāpili e kū pono ana
 Nā Kūpono Kūpono ʻia:
- loaʻa nā hopena kūlike me ke kau inoa lima lima (Kanawai o Sepatemaba 18.09.2001, XNUMX ma ka uila uila)
- i manaʻo ʻia no nā kānaka kūlohelohe, i hoʻopuka ʻia ma ke kumu o kahi ʻaelike a ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka pilikino (pilikino) ma ka ʻAina Hoʻokau CA
- hoʻohana ʻia i kēlā me kēia hihia o ka hoʻouna ʻana i kahi ʻōlelo o ka makemake (me nā leka uila), ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka hoʻopāpā ʻana i nā palapala.
He aha ka hōʻailona hōʻailona uila kūpono?

ʻO kahi pūlima uila uila kēia

"He pūlima uila kiʻekiʻe me kahi palapala kikoʻī i hoʻopunipuni ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hāmeʻa hana paʻa paʻa"

No laila ke hoʻonui nei kahi pūlima uila i ka pae o ka palekana i hāʻawi ʻia e kahi inoa uila uila. No laila kūlike kū kānāwai ia i kahi pūlima kākau lima.

Hāʻawi ʻia ka pūlima i nā koi āpau i kau ʻia ma eIDAS no nā pūlima uila uila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā hana o ka ʻaha i hōʻike. Pono nā Aupuni lālā o EU e noʻonoʻo pono i kēia ʻano pūlima inā hana ʻia me kahi palapala hōʻoia i hoʻopuka ʻia mai kahi mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā kākou i ke ʻano o ka "mea hana pūlima akamai". E like me nā koi eIDAS,

  1. Pono e hāʻawi ka lako:
    1. ʻO ka hūnā ʻia o ka ʻikepili haʻaheo uila
    2. ʻO nā palapala hoʻoili uila pūnaewele no ke hoʻokumu ʻana i nā palapala uila e hiki ke hana wale ʻia
    3. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka ʻikepili hoʻokumu pūnaewele uila no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā pūlima a pale ʻia i ka inoa hōʻailona mai ka hoʻopunipuni me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ʻenehana ʻike i kēia manawa
    4. Pahu ʻia ka ʻikepili hana hoʻoili uila e hoʻohana ai no ka hana ʻana i nā inoa haʻaheo e pale ʻia e kahi haʻina kūpono ʻole e hoʻohana ʻia e kekahi
  2. ʻAʻole hoʻololi ka mea i ka ʻike e hoʻopaʻa ʻia a pale aku paha i ka hōʻailona i ke hōʻike ʻia ʻana o ia mau palapala ma mua o ke kau inoa ʻana i ka hana
  3. ʻO nā mea lawelawe pono hiki ke hoʻokuʻi a hoʻokele paha i ka ʻike pili ʻana i nā inoa o ka mea haina
  4. Me ka ʻole o ka hoʻāhewa ʻia e kū mai. (d) kuhi 1, nā lawelawe lawelawe hoʻomehana hoʻonaʻauao e mālama ana i ka ʻikepili hana hoʻoilo uila ma ke inoa o ka mea haina hiki i ka pepa ke kope i ka ʻikepili hana huakaʻi uila wale nō no nā kumu hoʻihoʻi, i ʻike ʻia ua hiki mai kēia mau ʻōlelo like:
    1. Pono ka pale ʻana o nā ʻikepili pilikino e like me ka ʻikepili mua
    2. ʻAʻole pono nā helu o nā palapala hōlua ʻelua i ka liʻiliʻi e pono ai e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka lawelawe

Pono nā lālā o ka lālā EU e ʻae i ka hōʻoia o kahi palapala uila ʻenekia i hoʻolālā ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi palapala hōʻoia mai kahi Moku'āina ʻokoʻa.

ʻO kahi pūlima uila uila he inoa uila kiʻekiʻe mai kahi palapala kikoʻī kikoʻī i hana ʻia e kahi mea hana lima kau pono (QSCD). I mea e manaʻo ʻia ai kahi pūlima uila i inoa pono uila, pono e hoʻokō i ʻekolu mau koi nui:

ʻO ka mea mua, pono ke hoʻopili ʻia a me ka ʻike maopopo i ka hoʻopaʻa inoa.

ʻO ka lua o ka pane ʻana i ka ʻikepili i hoʻohana ai e hana i ke kau inoa ma lalo o ka kaohi o ka haina.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono ia e hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻikepili i pili i ka pūlima a i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka wā i kau inoa ʻia ai ka ʻelele.

He aha ka hōʻole ʻole?

ʻO ka hōʻole ʻo ia ka maopopo ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hōʻole i ka mea nui o kekahi mea. ʻO ka non-repudiation kahi manaʻo kū kānāwai i hoʻohana ākea ʻia i ka palekana ʻike a pili i kahi lawelawe e hōʻike i ka ʻike o ka ʻikepili a me ka pono o ka ʻikepili. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, paʻakikī ʻole ka hōʻole ʻana e hōʻole pono i ka mea / kahi e hele mai ai ka leka, a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka leka. Hiki i nā pūlima uila (i hui pū ʻia me nā ana ʻē aʻe) ke hāʻawi ʻole i ka hōʻole ʻia no nā hana pūnaewele e pono ai e hōʻoia i ka ʻaoʻao i kahi ʻaelike a i ʻole ke kamaʻilio hiki ʻole ke hōʻole i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kā lākou pūlima ma ka palapala a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana i ka kamaʻilio ma mua. I kēia pōʻaiapili, pili ʻole ka repudiation i ka hiki ke hōʻoia i ka ʻaoʻao i ka ʻaelike a i ʻole ke kamaʻilio e ʻae i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kā lākou pūlima i kahi palapala a i ʻole leka.

He aha ka mea maʻalahi?

He palapala noi pūnaewele ʻo SimpleSign i hiki iā ʻoe ke kau inoa i nā palapala āpau e hana nei i ka mana uila. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kēia noi, aia kekahi generator code code, kahi e pono ai e ʻike i ka mea hoʻohana i ke kaʻina o ke komo ʻana i ka lawelawe. Hoʻoiho iā SimpleSign ma kāu kelepona paʻalima e hoʻohana i ka generator code code, kahi e hōʻike ai i ka mea hoʻohana i ke kaʻina kau lima ma kahi kamepiula kuʻuna: PC / Mac OS.

Ma kahi ʻāpana o kēia noi, aia kekahi ʻāpana e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa inoa i nā palapala ma ke kelepona pūnaewele.

inā ua hoʻokomo pono iā ʻoe i EasySign ma kāu polokalamu kelepona, ʻaʻohe pono ʻoe e kau hou iā ia.

Hoʻoiho iā EasySign Desktop i hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā lawelawe nui i loaʻa ma ka mākeke e like me: Payer, eDeklaracjie, ePUE, etc.

Hoʻopau ka noi ʻana ʻo The simpleSign Desktop e hoʻopili i kahi kāleka cryptographic kino a me ka helu heluhelu ʻana i kāu kāleka i kāu kamepiula.

Mahalo i kēia kūleʻa a e hoʻohana ʻoe e hoʻohana iā EasySign i nā noi e koi ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kāleka kūlohelohe.

Ke loaʻa pū nei kēia noi noi i ka hāmeʻa proCertum SmartSign e hiki ai ke hoʻopaʻa inoa i nā palapala ma ke kamepiula kuʻuna: PC / Mac OS

He aha ke hōʻailona uila mākaukau?
ʻO kahi palapala uila uila holomua kāinoa inoa kahi i kau ʻia i kahi palapala holomua i hōʻike mua ʻia i ka mea kākau. Hoʻohana ʻia nā kī kau inoa me ka hilinaʻi nui e ka mea kākau (nona ka mana hoʻokahi ma luna o ke kī kau inoa).
I ka ʻōnaehana eIDAS, ʻike ʻia kahi palapala uila e hoʻomohala inā e hoʻokō ʻo ia i kekahi mau koi, me ke ʻano:
  • ʻokoʻa a hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻopili ʻana i kāna mea kākau
  • ke kī pilikino i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka ʻōlima uila ma lalo o ka nānā o ka haina
  • Inā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻikepili ma hope o ke kālele ʻana i ka ʻelele, pono ke kau i ka hōʻailona i nā mea i hana ʻia
  • ka wehe ʻana o ka hōʻailona ma ia hanana ka loli.
ʻIkepili e ʻike ai i kahi kanaka

"Kuhi ʻike kanaka" ʻo ia hoʻi kahi hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻikepili e hiki ai ke ʻike i kahi kanaka maoli
he loio a i ʻole he kanaka maoli e kū ana ma ke kānāwai;

ʻIkepili mai nā leka uila

HOOPAOLIA NO KA EUROPAN IWELI MAKA O KE KOA
no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ke ola pilikino a me ka pale o nā ʻikepili pilikino i nā kamaʻilio
hoʻoili uila a hoʻoiho hou i ka Noʻo 2002/58 / EC (rula ma
paʻa pilikino a me ke kamaʻilio uila)
(Kuhi me ka pā ʻana o EEA)
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 16
a e 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
1. Ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ke Kōmike ʻEulopa a me ke Komite Social
,
2. Ka manao ana i na manao o ke Komite o na Aupuni
,
3. No ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka Hoʻokele Data Protection Protection Pākehā
,
E hana e pili ana i ke kaʻina kānāwai maʻamau,
Na:

“… He hūnā ka ʻikepili pili uila. ʻO kēlā me kēia hihia i ka ʻikepili
loaʻa mai nā kamaʻilio uila e like me ke hoʻolohe, eavesdropping, mālama,
nānā, nānā ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka pale o ka pale, nānā a mālama ʻole
ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻikepili pūnaewele uila e nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma mua o
pāpā ʻia nā mea hoʻohana hope loa,…. "

“… ʻO ka ʻike o nā kamaʻilio uila e pili ana i ka quintessence o ke kuleana kumu e like me ia
ka mahalo no ka pilikino a me ka ʻohana, ka home a me ka ʻike kamaʻāina
art. 7 Palapala Kuleana Pono. … Hāʻawi kēia Kānana
ka hiki i nā mea hoʻolako o nā lawelawe kamaʻilio uila uila e hana
mai nā kelepona uila me ka ʻae ʻia a pau loa
mea hoʻohana hope hoihoi…. "

ʻ usedlelo i hoʻohana ʻia e waiho i kahi palapala uila

"Pūnaewele hana hoʻokumu inoa" ʻo ia ka ʻikepili kūʻokoʻa i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea haʻikepili no
hoʻokumu i kahi palapala uila;

Kākoʻo loea manuahi

Kākoʻo ʻenehana manuahi - 24 H / 7 lā o ka pule wale nō no kā mākou mea kūʻai aku e kūʻai mai, hoʻoheheʻe a hoʻouka i kahi pūlima uila i kā mākou keʻena ma Gdynia.

Kūleʻa mākou e hana kūpono i kā mākou mau papahana. Akā mākaukau mākaukau mākou e kōkua aku i nā ʻenehana loea e pili ana i kā lākou hana a i ʻole nā ​​mana hou o ka noi.

Koho i ke ʻano o ke kōkua a ʻoluʻolu loa ia

Kākoʻo kelepona

Kāhea Call A loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi pilikia me ka hoʻouka a hoʻomaka e hana me ka papahana, a pēlā hoʻi i ke kūlana o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻōnaehana hewa;

Kōkua kōkua mamao
me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi polokalamu TeamViewer palekana e hoʻopili ai mākou i kāu kamepiula a hana i nā hana i pono e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia;

MANEI E LOAA AI OE KE KOKUA HANA KIKI NO NA PALAPALA "CERTUM".

Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻae iā mākou:
- MA KA HALEKUAI: 58 5055 910
- E kamaʻilio a i ʻole ka leka uila e hoʻohana ana i kahi ākea - MA KA ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka pale.

Mahalo i nā modula pilikino o "Team Viewer QS" - ka hopena # 1 o ka honua ma ke kahua o ke kākoʻo ʻenehana mamao, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopili i kāu kamepiula i kekahi mau manawa a wehe i ka hemahema ʻoiai e mālama ana i nā kūlana āpau e pili ana i ka palekana o kāu. ʻikepili.

Ke palekana nei kēia ʻano?
Ae' o ia nō. ʻAʻole hoʻokomo mau ʻia ka module "Team Viewer QS" ma kāu kamepiula, hoʻāla ʻia ia e ʻoe i ka wā e pono ai ka lawelawe, a pono kēlā me kēia pilina i kāu ʻae.

Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe ka mea kūʻai aku mākou i kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe mea weliweli - e kōkua pū mākou.
I kēia hihia, e uku ʻia ʻoe i kahi ʻōpiopio liʻiliʻi no kā mākou mau hana, akā e loaʻa iā ʻoe ke kōkua kōkua.

Pāʻani Pūnaewele

"Palapala leka uila" ʻo ia kekahi mea i mālama ʻia i loko o ke ʻano uila, i ka ʻatikala a i ʻole
kani, ʻike paha a hoʻolohe leo paha;

kauoha

kauoha He hana kū kānāwai ia o ka European Union e koi ana i nā mokuʻāina lālā e hoʻokō i kahi hopena me ka ʻole o ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ke ala e hoʻokō ai i kēlā hopena. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā lula e hana ana iā ia iho a koi ʻole i nā ana hoʻokō. Haʻalele nā ​​alakaʻi i kahi maʻalahi i nā Member Member e pili ana i nā lula kikoʻī e lawe ʻia. Hiki i nā ʻōkuhi ke ʻae ʻia ma o nā kaʻina kānāwai ʻokoʻa e pili ana i kā lākou kumuhana kumuhana.

EIDAS

EIDAS (ekakaulike IDhoʻohaʻahaʻa, Aka ʻikepili a me ka hilinaʻi Services) he rula ʻo EU ma nā lawelawe ʻike a hilinaʻi i nā hana uila uila ma ka mākeke kūloko. ʻO ia kahi o nā kūlana no ka ʻike uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi no nā hana uila ma ka Māhele ʻEulopa ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka EU Rule № 910/2014 o Iulai 23, 2014 e pili ana i ka uila a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kuhikuhi 1999/93 / EC me ka hopena mai Iune 30, 2016. Ua komo i loko o ka ikaika ma ka 17 Kepakemapa 2014. Manawa ia mai 1 Iulai 2016.

Mālama ʻo eIDAS i ka ʻike uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi no nā kālepa uila ma ka mākeke kūloko o ka European Union. Hoʻoponopono ia i nā pūlima uila, nā hana uila, nā mana pili a me kā lākou mau kaʻina hana e hoʻolako i nā mea hoʻohana i kahi ala palekana o ka hana ʻoihana ma ka Pūnaewele, e like me ka hoʻoili kālā uila a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana me nā lawelawe aupuni. Loaʻa i ka mea hōʻailona a me ka mea loaʻa ke kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻalahi a me ka palekana. Ma kahi o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā ʻano hana kuʻuna e like me ka leka uila, nā lawelawe fax a i ʻole e hoʻouna i nā palapala pepa, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kēia manawa i nā hana ma nā palena, e laʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka "Technology". 

Ua hana ʻo eIDAS i nā pae hoʻohālikelike i nā pūlima uila, nā palapala kikoʻī kūpono, nā sila uila, nā paʻi manawa a me nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe o nā ʻano hōʻoia e hiki ai i nā hana uila me ke kūpono kū kānāwai e like me nā mea i hana ʻia ma ka pepa. 

Ua komo ka mana o ka eIDAS ma Iulai 2014. Ma ke ʻano he mea e kōkua i ka palekana a me ka maʻalahi o nā hana uila i ka Europa. Koi ʻia nā mokuʻāina ʻo EU e ʻike i nā pūlima uila e kū i nā kūlana eIDAS. 

ʻO ka manawa uila

"Pōʻalima uila" ʻo ia ka ʻikepili ma ka palapala uila e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā ʻikepili ʻē aʻe i ka palapala uila
i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa, e hāʻawi ana i nā hōʻike i paʻa ʻia i kēia manawa nā helu ʻē aʻe;

ka hoʻoili uila

"Hoʻolaha kaila" ʻo ia ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻikepili uila e hōʻike ana i kahi kanaka,
ʻokoʻa kūlike e hōʻike ana i kahi kanaka kūlohelohe a i ʻole he kānāwai maoli, a i ʻole he kanaka kūlohelohe i hōʻike i ke kanaka kū kānāwai;

Hōʻike ʻike i nā pilikia palekana

HOOPAOLIA NO KA EUROPAN IWELI MAKA O KE KOA
no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ke ola pilikino a me ka pale o nā ʻikepili pilikino i nā kamaʻilio
hoʻoili uila a hoʻoiho hou i ka Noʻo 2002/58 / EC (rula ma
paʻa pilikino a me ke kamaʻilio uila)
(Kuhi me ka pā ʻana o EEA)
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 16
a e 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka European Economic and Social Committee1
,
Ka manao ana i na manao o ke Komite o na Puali2
,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka European Data Protection Supervisor3
,
E hana e pili ana i ke kaʻina kānāwai maʻamau,
Na:

"... Paukū 17
Hōʻike ʻike i nā pilikia palekana
I ka hopena o kahi hopena kūikawā paha e hoʻonāukiuki i ka palekana o ka pūnaewele a lawelawe paha
nā leka uila uila, ka ʻenehana ʻoihana lawelawe uila e hoʻomaopopo i nā mea hoʻohana
nā mea hoʻohana hope me kahi hoʻoweliweli like ʻole, a inā e hāʻule paha ka iʻa ma waho o ke ʻano o nā hana
lawe ʻia e ka mea lawelawe aku - hōʻike i nā mea hoʻohana hope o kekahi
nā mea kūpono paha, me nā helu kūpono paha e hele mai me ia
hoʻopaʻa .... "

Pehea e hana ai i kahi moʻokāki a kau inoa i nā noi ma ka pūnaehana ZSMOPL?

He maʻalahi, lawa ia no ka mea e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano i loaʻa iā lākou iho:

  • kau inoa uila ma Certum a hoʻohana iā ia e kau inoa i ka noi e ʻae ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana ZSMOPL,
  • Enterprise ID palapala, i mea e kau inoa aku ai nā noi i hoʻouna ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana ZSMOPL.
Hoʻolālā Kit
  • Ka wā hōʻoia 2 makahiki
    • Palapala hōʻoia
    • ʻO ka palapala hōʻoia ʻo Enterprise
  • Kāleka Cryptographic - StarCos® 3.2
  • ACS ACR39T - mea heluhelu kāleka A1
  • CD me ka polokalamu uila:
    • e lawelawe ai i ke kāleka proCertum CardManager,
    • no ke kau inoa a hōʻoia i nā e-palapala / file pro Certum SmartSign
  • Qualified manawa ku pono me ka hoʻōla (5000 mau ʻāpana / mahina)
He aha ke ʻano loea o ka haina uila i koi ʻia?
Ma lalo o ka eIDAS, kahi inoa pāʻina uila ʻona (QES) i like ka hopena kānāwai me ka palapala kākau lima lima. Kānā ʻia i loko o nā moku āpau o EU.
He aha ka pae o ka hōʻoia iaʻu e hoʻokō ai?

Wahi a EIDAS Paukū 25:

"ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻole ʻia kahi pūlima uila i ka hopena o ke kānāwai a me ka ʻae ʻia ma ke ʻano he hōʻike i nā kaʻina hana kānāwai wale nō ma ke kumu he palapala uila a ʻaʻole i hoʻokō i nā koi no kahi pūlima uila kūpono."

Hiki ke ho'ākāka ʻia kēia, ʻo ia ka mea inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻoia i ka pono o kahi palapala ma kahi kūlana loea, pono ʻoe i kahi pae kiʻekiʻe a kiʻekiʻe aʻe paha.

Wahi a eIDAS, nā ʻoihana e koi ana i kahi pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hilinaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi e pono e hoʻohana i nā pūlima uila loea a kūpono paha. He ʻōlelo paipai nui ʻia ia no nā ʻoihana ʻāpana kālā, nā kino aupuni a me nā mokuʻāina ʻo EU.

Inā hoʻolālā ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā mea hana palapala no ka kālepa o ka mea kūʻai aku, nā hanana kūloko a i ʻole nā ​​hanana hana ʻokoʻa, e hoʻomanaʻo e like me ka hilinaʻi o ka ʻikepili / data i kāu palapala e like me nā kaʻina hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻomau ai.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, he mea kūpono ke hoʻomanaʻo ʻana ʻoiai ʻaʻole kikoʻī ʻo eIDAS i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā palapala kikohoʻe e kiʻi i nā pūlima kiʻekiʻe, paipai mākou e hoʻohana a kūʻai iā lākou mai kahi mana hōʻoiaʻiʻo a hilinaʻi ʻia. Pono ka hilinaʻi kaiaulu inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻoia aunoa i kāu mau pūlima a hilinaʻi ʻia i nā polokalamu palapala e like me Adobe ole Microsoft. ʻO kēlā ala, ke kau inoa ʻoe i nā palapala, ʻaʻole ʻoe e mālama wale, akā me kahi ʻike seamless no ka mea e loaʻa ana ka palapala.

ʻO ke sila uila

"Qualified electronic loiloi" ʻo ia kahi hōʻailona uila uila i hoʻolako ʻia no
ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hana uila uila e kūpono ana a e hoʻokumu ana ma ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia
palapala hōʻoia o ka hōʻailona uila;

ʻO ka palapala leka uila uila hiʻona

‘Qualified electronic sign certificate 'ʻo ia ka mea i palapala leka uila i hāʻawi ʻia
e ka mea lawelawe ʻoihana hōʻoia kūpono a hoʻokō i nā koi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma Annex I;

ʻO ka haina uila uila inoa

ʻO ka inoa ʻona inoa ʻo Qualified electronic 'ʻo ia ka inoa me kahi palapala uila uila i hana ʻia ma o
ua loaʻa i nā mea hana uila uila kau inoa a i hoʻokumu ʻia ma kahi palapala hōʻoia
hōʻailona haʻaila;

Hoʻolaha nā hana no ka ʻae ʻana o ka palena i nā palapala uila e kū nei i ka palapala

I mea e like ai me ka hoʻoponopono o ka ʻōnaehana eIDAS, ua hōʻike ka Pelekikena Europa i ka pono e hana i ka ʻōnaehana waiwai lehulehu, no laila e hoʻokumu ana i ka pono no nā kino hōʻoia Europa.

Pono kēlā me kēia Moku'āina e hoʻokumu i nā "points of single contact" (PSCs) o nā lawelawe hilinaʻi i kēia manawa e hōʻoia e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā eID i nā hana ʻokoʻa i ka ʻāpana aupuni, me ka hiki i nā kamaʻāina o EU ke pōmaikaʻi mai ka mālama olakino cross-border. .

ʻO Metadata i loaʻa mai i ka pili uila

"Metadata kamaʻilio uila" ʻo ia ka 'ikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko
nā pūnaewele loea e pili ana i ka hoʻoili ʻana, ka hoʻohemo a i ʻole ka hoʻololi
ʻikepili leka uila; me ka hoʻoweliweli a me ka ʻike ʻike
ʻO ke kumu a me ke kumu o ka hihia kamaʻāina, ka ʻikepili kahi
nā mea i hana ʻia e pili ana me ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā lawelawe kamaʻilio
uila a me kēia lā, manawa, lōʻihi a me ke ʻano o ka kamaʻilio ʻana;

ʻO Ke Pūnaewele Hoʻonaʻa Kūlana

ʻO Ke Pūnaewele Hoʻonaʻa Kūlana (NCCert) - ka Pūnaehana IT o ka National Bank of Poland i kūkulu ʻia e hoʻokō i nā hana i hāʻawi ʻia i ka NBP e ke kuhina e hiki ai i ke kamepiula ke ʻano me ka meaʻike. 11 o ke kānāwai o 5 Kepakemapa 2016 ma nā lawelawe hilinaʻi a me ka ʻike uila. Root Certification Authority (i kapa ʻia aa) no ka hana paʻa uila uila ma Polani, holo ʻia e ka 'Oihana palekana o ka National Bank of Poland.

ha awina

ʻO ke kumu kū kānāwai no ka hana a NCCert ka ʻae i hāʻawi ʻia i ka National Bank of Poland e ke Kuhina o Economy and Labor, e like me ke kānāwai. e pili ana i ka uila uila. ʻO ke ʻae ʻia hou, e uhi ana i nā hana i helu ʻia i loko o ke Kanawai no nā lawelawe hilinaʻi a me ka ʻike uila, i hoʻopuka ʻia e ke Kuhina o Digitization ma ʻOkakopa 27, 2016.

He ku e like me ke kumu. 10 o ke Kanawai e pili ana i nā lawelawe hilinaʻi a me nā lawelawe uila, ua hoʻokō ka National Certification Center i nā hana i hala:

  1. hana hou a hoʻopuka i nā palapala hōʻoia lawelawe ʻoihana e hōʻoia no ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā palapala uila uila ākea a me nā hōʻailona uila i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o Annex I (a) g, Annex III point g ame Annex IV lit. h i ka Hoʻomaopopo 910/2014, a me nā palapala hōʻoia no ka hōʻoia ʻana o nā lawelawe hilinaʻi ʻē aʻe i hāʻawi ʻia e nā lako lako (ʻo nā mea i kapa ʻia kēia kumu hoʻolaha hilinaʻi);
  2. e paʻi i nā palapala i kau ʻia ma ka kuhi 1;
  3. paʻi i nā papa inoa o nā palapala hōʻoia i kapa ʻia i ka 1 kuhi;
  4. hoʻokumu i ʻikepili no ka stamping uila palapala i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ka helu 1, a me nā palapala hōʻoia no ka hōʻoia ʻana o kēia mau sila (i kapa ʻia ʻo nā palapala hōʻoia o ke kikowaena hōʻoia kānāwai nūhou).

Eia kekahi, ma kahi o ka National Certification Center, mālama ka NBP i kahi papa inoa o nā lawelawe lawelawe pono (Paukū 3 o ke kānāwai ma nā lawelawe hilinaʻi) a hoʻolaha i kahi papa hilinaʻi(i kapa ʻia ʻo TSL papa inoa), he hāmeʻa e kākoʻo ana i ka hōʻoia o ka palena o nā palapala hōʻoia.

ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka National Certification Center i nā lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono i loko o ke ʻano o ke Kānāwai e pili ana i nā lawelawe hilinaʻi a me nā ʻike uila (ma kahi kikoʻī, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopuka i nā palapala hōʻoia kūpono) - nā hui ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia nā lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono me kēia. I Nowemapa 17, 2016, aia he ʻelima mau mākaukau lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi i Polani. Eia nā:

  1. Pūnaewele Pūnaewele Asseco SA
  2. ʻO Enigma Systemy ʻOchrony ʻImi Sp. z o. o
  3. Eurocert Sp. z o. o
  4. Krajowa Izba Rozliczeniowa SA
  5. Hana Pa'i Palekana Polani SA

I ka wā ma mua, ua hāʻawi ʻia nā lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono (i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua he lawelawe hōʻoia hōʻoia) a TP Internet Sp. z o. o., he hui o ka telepunikacja Polska SA a me ka hui ʻo Mobicert Sp. z o. o. Ua nalowale nā ​​mea ʻelua i kā lākou kuleana no ka hoʻolako ʻana i kēia mau lawelawe a ua lawe ʻia mai ka papa inoa ma Iune 30, 2006 (TP Internet) a me Nowemapa 13, 2013 (Mobicert), kekahi.

Ka pale ʻana i nā ʻike o ka kamaʻilio uila

HOOPAOLIA NO KA EUROPAN IWELI MAKA O KE KOA
no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ke ola pilikino a me ka pale o nā ʻikepili pilikino i nā kamaʻilio
hoʻoili uila a hoʻoiho hou i ka Noʻo 2002/58 / EC (rula ma
paʻa pilikino a me ke kamaʻilio uila)
(Kuhi me ka pā ʻana o EEA)
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 16
a e 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka European Economic and Social Committee1
,
Ka manao ana i na manao o ke Komite o na Puali2
,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka European Data Protection Supervisor3
,
E hana e pili ana i ke kaʻina kānāwai maʻamau,
Na:

“… ʻO ka ʻike o nā kamaʻilio uila e pili ana i ka quintessence o ke kuleana kumu e like me ia
ka mahalo no ka pilikino a me ka ʻohana, ka home a me ka ʻike kamaʻāina
Art. 7 Ke Kuleana o nā Pono Kahi. ʻO ka mana e loaʻa ai nā manaʻo o nā kamaʻilio
Pono ʻae ʻia ka uila i wehewehe ʻia
nā kūlana a me nā kumu kūpono a kūpono i nā kūpono kūpono
palekana i ka hōʻino. Aia kēia kānāwai
ka hiki i nā mea hoʻolako o nā lawelawe kamaʻilio uila uila e hana
mai nā kelepona uila me ka ʻae ʻia a pau loa
nā mea hoʻohana hope ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i nā mea lawelawe ke hāʻawi
nā lawelawe e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i nā leka uila e hoʻoiho i ka PL 18 PL
kekahi mau mea i hōʻike mua ʻia. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā mea
kamaʻilio ʻia me kēia Regulation e kuhikuhi ana i ka hana o kēlā 'ike
e pili ana i ka manaʻo e loaʻa i kahi hoʻoweliweli nui i nā pono a me ke kūʻokoʻa o ke kanaka
physical. Hāʻawi i kahi lawelawe uila uila, hoʻopili i kēia ʻano ikepili,
pono e ʻōlelo mau i ka luna hoʻomalu ma mua o ka hoʻoili ʻana.
Kūpono nā kūkākūkā e like me ka ʻatikala 36 paukū 2 a me 3 o ka Regulation (EU)
2016/679. ʻAʻole kau kēia manaʻo i ka hoʻoili o ka ʻike ʻikepili no ka pono
hoʻolako i ka lawelawe i kauoha ʻia e ka mea hoʻohana ma ka mea hoʻohana
ka ʻae hope o ia hana a ke lawe ʻia nei no nā pono o ia ʻano
Nā lawelawe a no kahi manawa kūpono loa a kūpono hoʻi iā ia. Ma hope o ka hoʻounaʻana
kalikona o nā leka uila uila e ka mea hoʻohana hope a loaʻa iā ia e
mea hoʻohana hope hoʻohana a i ʻole hopena hoʻohana mea hoʻohana
Hiki ke mālama a mālama ʻia paha kēia ʻike e ka mea hoʻohana hope,
nā mea hoʻohana hope a i ʻole kahi mea i hāʻawi ʻia e nā mea hoʻohana hope
mālama a mālama paha i kēia mau ʻike. ʻO kēlā me ka hoʻoili ʻana i kēia 'ikepili
pono e like me ke Kauoha (EU) 2016/679…. "

ʻO nā kino e komo i ke kaʻina hana hōʻailona kāleka
  • Kānāwai Hoʻonohonoho ʻānā- kahi kino i ʻae ʻia e like me Art. 2 o ke Kānāwai (EC) ʻAʻohe 765/2008 e nānā i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ka mea lawelawe ʻoihana hilinaʻi a me kāna lawelawe mālama.
  • ʻO ka mea lawelawe kaiaulu- ka mea lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi ma ke ʻano he loea lawelawe kūpono a kūpono ʻole paha.
  • ʻO ka mea lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi a hōʻoia ʻia- kahi hui i loaʻa ke kūlana o kahi luna hoʻomalu e hāʻawi i nā lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono

Nā mea hana ʻenehana hōʻailona

  • Kekahi mea i hana ʻia i ka pūlima lima pono (QSCD)- Kūpono kēia mea i kahi pūlima uila ma o kāna polokalamu a me nā lakohana e hōʻoia i ka mana o ka mea kau inoa ma luna o kāna kī pilikino, hana ʻia a mālama ʻia nā ʻikepili hana lima e kahi mea lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi kupaianaha, a he ʻokoʻa ka ʻikepili hana hana lima. palekana a pale ʻia i ka hoʻopunipuni.
  • Pūnaewele Hanahana paʻa pono (SSCD)- Pono kēia mea e hōʻoia i ka ʻikepili ʻana o ka hana lima e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka pūlima kū hoʻokahi, e pale ana i ka hana hoʻopunipuni a me nā loli ma hope o ka hana inoa ʻana.

ʻO nā lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi e like me eID

Nā pūlima uila EIDAS

Wahi a ke Regulate (EU) No 910/2014 (eIDAS), ua wehewehe ʻia kahi mea lawelawe lawelawe hilinaʻi (TSP) ʻo " he kanaka maoli a i ʻole ke kānāwai nāna e hāʻawi i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha nā lawelawe hilinaʻi ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono a ʻike ʻole ʻia. "

ʻO nā TSP ke kuleana no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike uila o nā mea kau inoa a me nā lawelawe e hoʻohana ana i nā ʻano hōʻoiaʻiʻo ikaika, nā palapala kikoʻī a me nā pūlima uila. Hōʻike ʻo eIDAS i ka hana a ka poʻe lawelawe i ka hilinaʻi i ka hōʻoia a me ka lawelawe ʻole ʻana i ka lawelawe a pehea e hoʻoponopono ʻia ai a ʻike ʻia i nā Aupuni lālā o EU.

Mālama i ka manawa a me ke kālā

ʻO ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā palapala ma ka Pūnaewele, he uku maʻalahi loa ia, e mālama a mālama i kou manawa. Ka paʻi ʻana, a laila e hoʻopiha a kākau inoa i nā palapala maʻamau. Hoʻopili ia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopoina e pili ana i ka pā ana, e hoʻopuni a me ka hoʻouna ʻana a me kāna mau kumukūʻai.

Hoʻouna koke ʻia nā palapala i loko o ka palekana a loaʻa koke iā ʻoe kahi hōʻoia hōʻoia. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia inā pono ʻoe e hoʻouna i nā palapala nui i kēlā me kēia mahina.

E ʻike i ka nui o kāu ʻoihana e mālama ai ma ke hoʻohana ʻana i kahi palapala uila uila kūpono

olaʻi kala manawa
Koho UAHALA

ka hoʻōho ʻana ma kahi o nā palapala 50 ma kēlā me kēia mahina

 

4487 zł

Nā lā 11

MEDIUM ENTERPRISE

ka hoʻōho ʻana ma kahi o nā palapala 150 ma kēlā me kēia mahina

14 667 PLN

Nā lā 32

LARGE ENTERPRISE

ka hoʻōho ʻana ma kahi o nā palapala 500 ma kēlā me kēia mahina

46 917 PLN

Nā lā 96


* Nā mālama kālā no ka ʻoihana hana me kahi palapala hōʻailona uila i kēlā me kēia makahiki

 

Ma lalo mākou e hōʻike ai i kahi laʻana o nā kumukūʻai e pili ana i ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā palapala i kahi ʻoihana liʻiliʻi no Poczta Polska a no kahi kau inoa uila pono.

helu helu Kōlaki Polū Kōlaki Polū Kohu inoa kikowaena
Hoʻouna ʻana i nā palapala i ka mahina i ka makahiki kumukūʻai ma ka mahina kumukuai makahiki / 2 mau makahiki kumukuai ma 2 mau makahiki
Hoʻoponopono i nā kikoʻī 3 36 20.40 zł PLN 244.48 / PLN 488.96 0 zł
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā bila kālā 8 96 54.40 zł 652.80 PLN / 1 305.60 PLN 0 zł
ʻO nā palapala hoʻolaha ʻia i ke Keʻena ʻauhau a me ka Hoʻoponopono ʻĀina Hoonaauao 2 24 13.60 zł PLN 163.20 / PLN 326.40 0 zł
Palapala kūhelu 2 24 13.60 zł PLN 163.20 / PLN 326.40 0 zł
Nā Palapala Hoʻohanohano 1 12 6.80 zł PLN 81.60 / PLN 163.20 0 zł
Nā ʻale no ka hoʻouna 5 60 3,5 zł PLN 42.00 / PLN 84 0 zł
Kau inoa hoʻonohonoho - - - - 499 zł
pu 21 252 112.3 zł PLN 1347,28 / PLN 2694.56 499 zł

* kumu kūʻai o hoʻokahi envelope 0,70 PLN,


* Ke kumukūʻai o ka hoʻouna ʻana i hoʻokahi palapala Poczta Polska PLN 6,80


* Kakau inoa uila (kau inoa no 2 mau makahiki me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hoʻonohonoho a hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hāʻawi ʻia ke kumukūʻai net)

 

Ka leka uila

"Leka uila" ʻo ia kekahi ʻano leka uila e loaʻa ana
ʻikepili, e like me ka leo, ka leo, ka wikiō, ke kani ʻana a i ʻole kiʻi paha, i hoʻoili ʻia ma luna o ka pūnaewele
nā kelepona uila, kahi mea e hiki ke mālama ʻia ma nā pūnaewele a i ʻole
i ka hoʻopili waiwai hoʻopili ʻana a i ʻole ka hopena o ka mea hoʻopili
ia leka;

Pūnaehana lehulehu

"ʻĀpana pilikino" i ke ʻano he lehulehu, aupuni a kūloko paha, aupuni a lehulehu paha
kahi hui i hana ʻia e hoʻokahi a i ʻole he mau hui ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻokoʻa i hui ʻia
lehulehu a pilikino paha i kahi o kēia mau kino, o nā hui a i ʻole kekahi o kēia mau mea
Ua ʻae ka hui i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lawelawe aupuni i ka wā e hana ana ma ke kumu o ia ʻano
'ana;

Kohu inoa kikowaena

ʻO "ka inoa inoa inoa" ʻo ia ka ʻikepili ma ke ʻano uila e hoʻopili ʻia ai i ʻole e hoʻopili ai i nā mea ʻē aʻe
nā ʻikepili i nā palapala uila a i hoʻohana ʻia e ka ʻatikala ma ke ʻano he inoa;

ʻO ka manaʻo o "nā poʻe kū kānāwai"

ʻO ka kumumanaʻo o "nā kānaka loea" e like me nā ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke ʻāina ʻEulopa (TFEU) e pili ana i
e hana ana i nā ʻoihana e waiho i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana e koho i ke ʻano loea,
a lākou i manaʻo ai he kūpono no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kā lākou hana. No laila, ʻo ka huaʻōlelo "kanaka loiloi" i loko o ka manaʻo
ʻO TFEU ka mea a pau nā waihona āpau i hoʻokumu ʻia a i lalo o ke kānāwai o ka Hui Moku
'aʻole i pili i kēia kānāwai.

ʻO ka hoʻoili ʻana a me ka pale

OLELO HOOLAHA (EU) NO 910/2014 NO KA EUROPEHA WAHINE A NA KAHUAHA
o Iulai 23, 2014
ma nā leka uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi e pili ana i nā kālepa uila
ma ka mākeke kūloko a me ke kau ʻana i ka Hoʻolālā 1999/93 / EC
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
I ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka ʻepekema o ʻEulopa a me ke Kōmike Social (1),
Hana ma muli o ke kaʻina hana kānāwai maʻamau (2)
Na:

1. Ke hana nei ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka ʻikepili pilikino e like me nā maʻa o ka Hoʻolālā 95/46 / EC.

2. Inā ʻaʻole hoowahawaha ʻia ka hopena kānāwai e kau ʻia ai ke kānāwai ʻōiwi i nā inoa ʻole, ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana
nā inoa inoa i nā hanana uila.

mau

mau He hana kū kānāwai ia o ka European Union i hiki ai ke hiki koke e like me ka aneane o nā Member āpau i ka manawa like. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā kānāwai mai kauoha ka mea, i ke kumu, pono e hoʻolilo i kānāwai aupuni. Hiki i nā lula ke hoʻohana ʻia ma o nā ʻano ʻahaʻōlelo e like me kā lākou kumuhana kumuhana.

Ke kālepa digital

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo eIDAS ma o ka EU. Mālama kēlā me kēia Member State i kāna ʻoihana lawelawe hilinaʻi ponoʻī a ʻae i nā lawelawe hilinaʻi mai nā ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻē aʻe. Mālama kēia i ka hoʻokūkū ma ka mākeke a me ka hiki ke hoʻohana i nā lawelawe hilinaʻi hoʻokūkū.

E hoʻopili nā lula i ka ʻike uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi i ka EU holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ke komo ʻana o nā ʻoihana kālā i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kēia mau hāmeʻa e hiki ai i nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā huahana kālā ke loaʻa i nā lawelawe mamao mamao e like me nā pono o nā hana uila. Hiki i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana hou ke hiki pono i nā mea hoʻohana o nā lawelawe uila a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa a me ka manawa e pono ai no nā lawelawe pololei a me ka mālama palapala.

Nā hopena kānāwai i nā pila kau uila

OLELO HOOLAHA (EU) NO 910/2014 NO KA EUROPEHA WAHINE A NA KAHUAHA
o Iulai 23, 2014
ma nā leka uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi e pili ana i nā kālepa uila
ma ka mākeke kūloko a me ke kau ʻana i ka Hoʻolālā 1999/93 / EC
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
I ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka ʻepekema o ʻEulopa a me ke Kōmike Social (1),
Hana ma muli o ke kaʻina hana kānāwai maʻamau (2)
Na:

1. ʻAʻole i nīnau ʻia ka hopena kūpono o ke pani uila i ka manawa kime a i kona ʻae ʻia i mea hōʻike
i nā hana hoʻokolokolo ma nā kumu i kū pono ʻole ai kēia hōʻailona i ke ʻano uila a ʻaʻole hoʻokō paha
koi pono i nā pono kī uila kekona.

2. Pono kahi haona uila kikoʻī e hoʻohana i ka manaʻo i ka pololei o ka lā a me ka manawa e hōʻike ai, a
pili ka ʻikepili me kahi e pili ana i ka lā i hōʻike ʻia a me ka manawa.

3. ʻO kahi hōʻailona uila i hāʻawi ʻia i loko o kahi Moku'āina hoʻokahi e ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kūpono
kaomi uila i ka manawa o nā Hui Kūʻai a pau.

kahi ʻike uila

ʻO ke ʻae kikowaena ʻ meanslelo 'o ia ka mea i' ike a he unangible unahi e hōʻike nei i ka ʻike
ke kanaka a hoʻohana i ka hōʻoia no ka lawelawe pūnaewele;

ʻO ka hui hilinaʻi

"Party Relying" ʻo ia ke kanaka maoli a kūloko paha e hilinaʻi ana i kahi leka uila a lawelawe paha
hilinaʻi;

ʻŌnaehana hoʻoili uila

ʻ systemnaehana ʻificationlelo uila 'ʻo ia ka mea i ʻona ʻia kahi uila hiʻona o ke kālā
ka ʻike uila uila no ke kanaka kūlohelohe a i ʻole he kanaka maoli paha e hōʻike ana i ka poʻe kānāwai;

ʻOihana lawelawe lawelawe loea uila

"Hāʻawi Hoʻohui Kūleʻa Palapala" ʻo ia kahi lawelawe e hiki ai ke hoʻouna ʻia i ka ʻike ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao
ke kolu o ka electronically a hāʻawi ʻana i nā hōʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka ʻike i hoʻouna ʻia,
komo me ka hōʻike o ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻike i lawe ʻia i ke kūloko ʻana o ka pohō, ka ʻaihue,
poino paha a i ʻole i loli ʻole ʻia;

Lawelawe ka lawelawe

ʻO kahi lawelawe hilinaʻi kahi lawelawe uila ʻo ia, ma waho o ka hōʻoia pūnaewele, kuleana no ka hana ʻana, hōʻoia a nānā ʻana i nā pūlima uila, nā sila, nā manawa paʻi, nā lawelawe hoʻouna, a me nā palapala i hoʻohana ʻia no kēia mau lawelawe. ʻO ia nō ke kuleana no ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau pūlima, nā sila a me nā palapala uila.

He aha kahi lawelawe hilinaʻi?

ʻO kahi lawelawe hilinaʻi kahi lawelawe uila e loaʻa ana i kekahi o kēia:

  • Ka hana ʻana, nānā a ʻae aku i nā palapala uila, nā sila a me nā hōʻailona kekona, nā lawelawe hoʻokele a me nā palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i kēia mau lawelawe.
  • E hana, nānā a hōʻoia i nā palapala hōʻoia e hoʻohana ai no ka hōʻoia pūnaewele.
  • ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā haina uila, nā sila a me nā palapala e pili ana i kēia mau lawelawe.

No kahi lawelawe hilinaʻi e manaʻo ʻia he lawelawe hilinaʻi kūpono, pono e hoʻokō ka lawelawe hilinaʻi i nā koi o ka eIDAS Rula. Hāʻawi ka hoʻohana o nā lawelawe hilinaʻi i kahi anga o ka hilinaʻi no ka pili mau ʻana i nā hana uila ma waena o nā ʻāina a me nā hui.

Lawelawe ka lawelawe

'Trust service' ʻo ia kahi lawelawe uila i hāʻawi pinepine ʻia no ka uku a me ka uhi:

a) hana, hōʻoia a hōʻoia i ke kau inoa o nā palapala uila, nā kelepona uila a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona uila
manawa, lawelawe lawelawe uila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me nā palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i kēlā mau lawelawe;
ole

b) hana, hōʻoia a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka palapala hōʻoia hōʻoia pūnaewele. ole

c) mālama i nā kau inoa uila, nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i kēia mau lawelawe;

Nā lawelawe kamaʻilio kamaʻāina

"Nā lawelawe kūkākūkā interpersonal" pili i nā lawelawe
e hiki ai i nā kamaʻilio kūloko a me ke kamaʻilio ʻano ʻoiai he ʻāpana o
kahi hana kākoʻo liʻiliʻi nona i hana ʻē aʻe.

hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino

"Authentication" ʻo ia kahi kaʻina hana uila e hiki ai i ka ʻike leka uila o kahi kanaka kūlohelohe a i ʻole
kānāwai a hōʻoia paha i ka hoʻomaka a me ka pololei o ka ʻike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano uila.

hōʻoia

ʻO 'Validation' ʻo ia ka kaʻina o ka hōʻoia a hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka mālamalama uila a hōʻailona paha.

KEʻʻAKAʻIʻE NO KE ANO E KOMʻOLA ʻO KA MEA Kānāwai NAHU

Loaʻa nā palapala hōʻoia no nā sila pā uila i:
a) kahi māka - i kahi liʻiliʻi ma kahi palapala e hiki ai ke hana maʻalahi - ua hoʻopuka ʻia ka palapala
ma ke ʻano he palapala hōʻoia e pili ana i kahi sila uila;
(b) kahi hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻikepili i kūʻokoʻa e hōʻike ana i ka mea hāʻawi kūpono e hāʻawi ana i ka lawelawe mālama pono
Nā palapala hōʻoia e uhi ana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka Moku'āina Kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka mea kūʻai, a
- no ke kanaka kūlike: ka inoa a, inā pili, helu helu e like me ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia
Kakau
- no kahi kanaka maoli: inoa a me ka inoa o kēlā kanaka;
(c) ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka inoa o ka mea hoʻouna a, inā kūpono, helu helu e pili ana i ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia
aaeno;
(d) nā kālā no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka sila uila e pili ana i ka ʻike no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka sila uila.
e) nā ʻike ma ka hoʻomaka a me ka hopena o ka manawa o ka mana o ka palapala hōʻoia;
(f) code code identification, ka mea pono e kū hoʻokahi no ka mea lawelawe ʻoihana hōʻoia kūpono;
(g) kahi māka uila koi hoʻomehana a i mālamalama uila uila hou o ka mea e hāʻawi aku nei i ka mea pono
nā lawelawe hilinaʻi;
h) kahi e waiho ai ka palapala hōʻoia me ka haina uila a mākaukau i ka manuahi
a i kahi hōʻailona uila uila i kuhikuhi ʻia i ke kuhi g);
(i) kahi o nā lawelawe e hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia e noi ai i ke kūlana mana o ka palapala hōʻoia;
j) inā o ka ʻikepili hoʻokumu pūnaewele hōʻailona e pili ana i ka ʻikepili hōʻoia hōʻoia uila
aia i loko o kahi mea hana hana uila hōʻailona kūpono, ʻike pono
ma ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi palapala e ʻae i ka hoʻoilo ʻokoʻa.

KEʻʻAKAʻEʻE NO KA MANU MUA LOA NĀ KOLOHE LOA

Loaʻa ʻia nā palapala hōʻoia uila uila e pili ana i nā ʻōlelo ʻike:
a) kahi māka - i kahi liʻiliʻi ma kahi palapala e hiki ai ke hana maʻalahi - ua hoʻopuka ʻia ka palapala
he palapala leka uila palapala hōʻoia e pili ana;
(b) kahi hoʻonohonoho o ka ʻikepili i kūʻokoʻa e hōʻike ana i ka mea hāʻawi kūpono e hāʻawi ana i ka lawelawe mālama pono
Nā palapala hōʻoia e uhi ana i ka liʻiliʻi o ka Moku'āina Kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka mea kūʻai, a
- no ke kanaka kūlike: ka inoa a, inā pili, helu helu e like me ka mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia
Kakau
- no kahi kanaka maoli: inoa a me ka inoa o kēlā kanaka;
c) ma ka liʻiliʻi me ka inoa a me ka inoa inoa o ka palapala kākau a i ʻole kāna inoa inoa; inā he inoa inoa inoa, ua maopopo kēia mea ʻoiaʻiʻo
hōʻike;
d) ka 'ikepili no ka hōʻoia' ana i ka haina uila e pili ana i ka 'ikepili i hoʻohana no ka hana' ana i ka haina uila;
e) nā ʻike ma ka hoʻomaka a me ka hopena o ka manawa o ka mana o ka palapala hōʻoia;
(f) code code identification, ka mea pono e kū hoʻokahi no ka mea lawelawe ʻoihana hōʻoia kūpono;
(g) kahi māka uila koi hoʻomehana a i mālamalama uila uila hou o ka mea e hāʻawi aku nei i ka mea pono
nā lawelawe hilinaʻi;
h) kahi e waiho ai ka palapala hōʻoia me ka haina uila a mākaukau i ka manuahi
a i kahi hōʻailona uila uila i kuhikuhi ʻia i ke kuhi g);
i) kahi wahi e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e nīnau ai no ke kūlana kūpono o ka palapala hōʻoia;
j) kahi o nā data i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻikepili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e pili ana i ka ʻikepili
aia ka māka uila uila i kahi lako hana kāpili uila ʻokoʻa, i kūpono
kahi palapala e hōʻike ai i kēia ʻoiaʻiʻo ma kahi kūlana e hiki ai ke hoʻoōheʻe pinepine.

Nā koi no nā hōʻailona uila uila e ʻoi ana

OLELO HOOLAHA (EU) NO 910/2014 NO KA EUROPEHA WAHINE A NA KAHUAHA
o Iulai 23, 2014
ma nā leka uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi e pili ana i nā kālepa uila
ma ka mākeke kūloko a me ke kau ʻana i ka Hoʻolālā 1999/93 / EC
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
I ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka ʻepekema o ʻEulopa a me ke Kōmike Social (1),
Hana ma muli o ke kaʻina hana kānāwai maʻamau (2)
Na:

1. E hoʻokō kekahi pahu uila uila kikoʻī i kēia mau koi:

(a) e hoʻohui pū me ka lā a me ka manawa i ka ʻikepili no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hiki o nā loli hou ʻole i ʻike ʻia.
b) kau ʻia ma ke kumu kūpono kūpono e pili ana i ka manawa holoʻokoʻa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia; a me ka
c) ua hoʻopaʻa inoa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hōʻailona uila e koi a lawe i kahi hōʻailona uila uila
he mea lawelawe ʻoihana lawelawe kūpono a i ʻole like.

2. Hiki i ke Komisina, ma o ke hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana, e hoʻonohonoho i nā helu o nā kūlana no ka pili ʻana i ka lā
a ʻo ka manawa me ka ikepili a me nā kumu kūpono manawa. Ma hea ka lā a me ka pilina pili ʻana i ka data a me ka pololei
ke kū nei ke kumu o ka manawa i kēia mau kūlana, hoʻomaka e mālama i nā koi i hōʻike ʻia i ka paukū 1. ʻO kēia mau hana
e hāpai ʻia e like me ka kaʻina hana loiloi i ʻ inlelo ʻia 48 paukū 2.

Nā koi i nā lawelawe loea uila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia

OLELO HOOLAHA (EU) NO 910/2014 NO KA EUROPEHA WAHINE A NA KAHUAHA
o Iulai 23, 2014
ma nā leka uila a me nā lawelawe hilinaʻi e pili ana i nā kālepa uila
ma ka mākeke kūloko a me ke kau ʻana i ka Hoʻolālā 1999/93 / EC
KA HOOLAHA O EUROPEAN MA KA HANA O NA KAHIKO EUROPEHE,
Ka nānā ʻana i ka Kuʻikahi ma ka hana o ke aupuni ʻEulopa, a ma kahi ʻatikala 114,
Ka nana ana i ka manao mai ke Komisina o Europa.
Mahope o ka lawe ana o ke kumukanawai hana i na moho lahui lahui,
I ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka ʻepekema o ʻEulopa a me ke Kōmike Social (1),
Hana ma muli o ke kaʻina hana kānāwai maʻamau (2)
Na:

 

1. E hoʻokō nā lawelawe lawelawe uila uila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā koi:

(a) i hoʻolako ʻia e hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha i lawelawe ʻo ia i lawelawe lawelawe;
b) hōʻoia lākou e maopopo i ka mea hoʻouna i kahi kumu hoʻohālike kiʻekiʻe;
c) hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka addressee ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ʻike;
d) ka hoʻouna ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e kahi mālamalama uila a kiʻekiʻe paha
kahi hōʻailona uila uila o kahi lawelawe lawelawe kūpono i ke ʻano e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hiki o ka undetectable
nā hoʻololi ʻikepili;
e) kekahi hoʻololi i ka ʻikepili e pono ai no ka hoʻouna ʻana a loaʻa paha ka ʻike i hōʻike maopopo ʻia i ka mea hoʻouna a me ka mea i loaʻa
ʻikepili;
f) ka lā a me ka manawa o ka hoʻouna, hoʻokipa a me kekahi loli e pili ana i ka ʻike i hōʻike ʻia e nā ala uila uila
timestamp.

No nā hoʻoili o nā data ma waena o ʻelua mau mea lawelawe lawelawe pono, pono
i kuhikuhi ʻia ma kahi nui (a) e (f) pili i nā lawelawe lawelawe lawelawe pono a pau.

2. Hiki i ke Komisina, ma o ke hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana, e hoʻonohonoho i nā helu o nā kūlana no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā kaʻina hana
a me ka loaʻa o ka ʻikepili. Inā kū ka hana o ke kaʻina a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻikepili i kēia mau kūlana, ua hoʻomoka ʻia ia
koikoi ana i na koi i oleloia ma ka pauku 1. E hoʻopili ʻia kēlā mau hana e like me ke kaʻina hana loiloi.
ua kapa ʻia ma ka hana. 48 paukū 2.

Hōʻailona

Hōʻailona kāpili

He kūpono ka lawelawe a ka "Time Stamp" i nā kūlana i hana ʻia ai ka lā nui ma ka hōʻoia a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā ʻano o nā palapala, nā kirimana a i ʻole palapala hōʻoia.
He ʻano "hōʻailona" i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i kahi palapala uila a noi paha paha, ma ke kumu e hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo maʻalahi i ka lā kūpono a me ka kau inoa ʻana.

Hoʻohui pili ka manawa ʻo ka manawa Stamp me nā ʻenehana a me nā hoʻokele me nā hoapili pāʻoihana, nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā hui lehulehu.
ʻAʻole kēlā me kēia manawa ke kau ʻia nei kahi palapala e kau ʻia ai ma ka manawa ʻōnaehana (workstation a server paha), akā puka mai kahi mana kūʻokoʻa, ʻo ia ka Trusted Third Party.

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā palapala me ka Time Stamp (e ..g. A i ʻole nā ​​noi) i ka hoʻopunipuni a me ka hoʻihoʻi. Ma nā hopena, ua hilinaʻi nui lākou no nā hui āpau, nā keʻena, nā keʻena a me nā mea kūʻai aku hoʻokahi.

Hoʻopili ka lawelawe palapala paʻi manawa uila me Art. 42 Rula o ka Parliament European a me ka Council o ka European Union No. 910/2014 o 23 Iulai 2014 (eIDAS)

 

Hōʻailona unqualified palapala hōʻoia no
Ka hoʻokō ʻana me ka eIDAS (ʻOiai ma Polenekia)
Loaʻa ia i nā hopena kānāwai ma kekahi lā
Kūleʻa ka manawa kūpono
ʻO ke ʻano o nā palapala a me nā palapala uila uila (SHA1)
* Ka hoʻokukeʻana palapala i CERTUM No nā mea kūʻai aku hou + 5000 mau manawa hōʻailona hōʻailona i hāʻawi i makana

 

Nā noi nui - ka hoʻokele wa.

    • nā kirimana i hoʻouna aku ai me ka elele, i nā hui hōʻoia, a me nā ʻoihana hui;
    • nā palapala noi a me nā noi i hoʻouna ʻia i ke keʻena uila i nā keʻena hoʻokele aupuni.
    • nā leka uila i hoʻouna ʻia i nā mea loaʻa i kahi ʻano uila.

 

ʻO nā pono nui loa:

    • nā hopena kānāwai ma kahi 'lā i hala' i loko o ka manaʻo o ke Code Civil.
    • ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hana ʻana i nā palapala i ka manawa i koho ʻia.
    • hōʻoia i ka palekana palekana ma ka Pūnaewele.
    • ka pale ʻana o nā polokalamu kamepiula e kūʻē i ka hoʻopunipuni a me nā maʻi.
Makemake ʻoe e hui pū i ka poʻe Kuhi Pōʻalima, i kekahi mau nīnau? E hoʻouna i kahi leka i: ​​biuro@e-centrum.eu komo i kou inoa, inoa inoa helu a me ka helu kelepona. Kāhea +58 333 1000 XNUMX E kamaʻilio aku kā mākou mea nīnau.